born philadelphia 1931,emigrated toronto 1970. interest in photography sparked by ralph crane's essay "bad boy's story", life magazine, may 1947, and john whiting's "photography is a language". work in national galleries canada & u.s.. moma, philadelphia museum of art, chicago art institute, nelson-atkins museum of art, mineapolis art institute, eastman house, private collections north america & europe. work published in john szarkowski's "mirrors & windows", james borcoman's "magicians of light", keith davis "an american century", "extempore" & "korea" by lumiere press. books by myself: "a dialogue with solitude", "dave heath's art show", "eros and the wounded self". recipient of guggenheim fellowships 1963 & 1964. elected affinities: w. eugene smith, robert frank, dorothea lang, hellen levitt, aaron siskind, edward weston, alfred steiglitz, walker evans, wright morris, sally mann, werner bischof & others. represented by patrick mikhail gallery, ottawa, ontario, canada.